3rd of five dramas and follow-up discussions about relationships with teenagers and their parents. Commissioned by Cambodian NGO 'Karol & Setha'. Broadcast on Cambodia's top TV channel in March/April 2012.

3rd of five dramas and follow-up discussions about relationships with teenagers and their parents. Commissioned by Cambodian NGO 'Karol & Setha'. Broadcast on Cambodia's top TV channel in March/April 2012.

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Best Young Asian English Speaker - competition final

 
The final of Cambridge ESOL's Best Asian Young English Speaker competition, sponsored by UTAS and the London School of Business & Finance, was held in Cambridge earlier this year. The prize was an MBA at one of these prestigious business schools. Finalists had to deliver a prepared presentation, an improvised presentation and answer questions from the panel. Meet our finalists, find out who won, and pick up some tips about learning to speak English with confidence.

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Cambodian Student Finds Scholarship to Study Abroad

In spite the fact that Cambodian government has no policy and budget for sending students abroad, Cambodian human resource is getting better due to the increasing number of Cambodian students studying abroad. A Cambodian student, Nousovath Chanvatey, won a scholarship to complete her law degree at George Washington University. She talks to VOA Khmer's Im Sothearith about her scholarship, her experience studying in the US, and about her future goal.

 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bc_O8KiS5Nc

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CAMBODIA HOSTS ASEAN 2012

Cambodia assumed the Chairmanship of the Association of the Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) on 19 November 2011 and thus hosted the 20th Summit from 3 – 4 April 2012. During the official handover of ASEAN Chairmanship, Samdech AkkaMohaSenaPadei Techo HUN SEN, Prime Minister of Kingdom of Cambodia, highlighted Cambodia’s overall priorities, which include among other things,to ensure concrete achievements of the milestones as prescribed in the Roadmap for an ASEAN Community 2009-2015 and progress in the implementation of the IAI Work Plan II (2009-2015), to further advance the work of ASEAN Connectivity, and to enhance cooperation and strengthen partnership with ASEAN Dialogue Partners and other regional groupings. The Prime Minister also unveiled the ASEAN Chairmanship 2012 theme “ASEAN: One Community, One Destiny” and the logo.“I would like to reaffirm Cambodia’s strong commitment to assuming ASEAN Chairmanship in order to continue working towards the realization of the ASEAN Community by focusing on the theme “ASEAN: One Community, One Destiny. ”SamdechTecho added.
Speaking at this auspicious occasion, SamdechTecho Hun Sen said it has been more than 10 years  Cambodian became a full member of ASEAN, we are proud that during this period Cambodia was able to considerable progress. “ASEAN membership has allowed Cambodia to strengthen integration with the region and international community. At the same time
Cambodia has been strictly fulfilling her role in ASEAN to build a peaceful, prosperous and harmonious regional community, as well as
transform ASEAN into a model of regional cooperation with global importance,” stressed
the Cambodian premier.

Source take from VISIONS OF CAMBODIA ISSUE 2 MAY 2012

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Cambodia EXPORT FIGURES UP 42% IN 2011

EXPORT FIGURES UP 42% IN 2011
Despite the trade deficit, Cambodia did show strong growth in garment, textile and agricultural
exports which has seen a 42.7 per cent year-on-
year increase in Cambodia’s total exports for 2011;
it has exported US$4.98 billion in goods last year, compared with $3.49 billion the year before.
Market diversification and a relaxing of rules of
origin in the euro zone fuelled last year’s growth,
insiders and experts say.
Heightened awareness of export schemes among
investors, as well as government facilitation, also contributed to growth.
Cambodia obtained duty-free export treatment in the European Union, so now there are more
buyers. There was a huge increase in exports to that market last year, noting the importance of exports to the European Union for Cambodia’s
garment manufacturing sector.
Hiroshi Suzuki, chief economist for the Business
Research Institute for Cambodia, agreed that the lowering of trade barriers by the euro zone had been a driving factor for export growth in the past year.
Cambodia’s total export of garments and textiles
rose about 25 per cent year-on-year in 2011 to
$4.25 billion, compared with $3.4 billion the year
before, data shows.
Of this, garment exports to the European Union rose more than 42 per cent to USD1.3 billion. Exports to the United States, worth USD1.84
billion, rose 11.4 per cent, retaining the country’s
number-one spot among importers of
Cambodian goods.
Garment exports to all other countries, including
Japan and Canada, increased 38 per cent, hitting
USD 980 million last year from USD645 million in 2010, according to the data.
Exports to Japan alone increased by 100 per cent
last year. The sharp increase in the Kingdom’s

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Content of CAMBODIAN TOURISM BUSINESS for thesis

TABLE OF CONTENT     

ABSTRACT-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- i

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS---------------------------------------------------------------- ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS------------------------------------------------------------------ iii

LIST OF TABLES------------------------------------------------------------------------- iv

LIST OF FIGURES------------------------------------------------------------------------ v

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION---------------------------------------------------------- 1

1.1  Importance of the study---------------------------------------------------------------- 1

1.2  Objectives of the study----------------------------------------------------------------- 2

1.3 The benefits of the study--------------------------------------------------------------- 2

1.4 Scope of the study---------------------------------------------------------------------- 2

1.4.1 Scope of information sources---------------------------------------------------- 2

1.4.2 Scope of study issues:------------------------------------------------------------ 2

1.4.3 Period of the study: ------------------------------------------------------------- 2

1.5 Definition of key terms----------------------------------------------------------------- 2

1.5.1 Community’s culture------------------------------------------------------------- 3

1.5.2 Natural attractions--------------------------------------------------------------- 3

1.5.3 Community-based tourism------------------------------------------------------- 3

1.5.4 Eco-tourism---------------------------------------------------------------------- 3

1.5.5 Sustainable tourism-------------------------------------------------------------- 3

1.5.6 Tourism planning----------------------------------------------------------------- 3

1.5.7 Tourism management------------------------------------------------------------ 3

1.5.8 Stakeholder---------------------------------------------------------------------- 3

1.6 Research conceptual framework-------------------------------------------------------- 3

CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW-------------------------------------------------------- 5

2.1 Introduction---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5

2.2 Country Profile------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5

2.2.1 Basic Information---------------------------------------------------------------- 5

2.2.2 Geography----------------------------------------------------------------------- 8

2.2.3 Climate--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9

2.2.4 History--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9

2.3 Politics---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11

2.3.1 Political System------------------------------------------------------------------ 11

2.3.2 Elections------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11

2.3.3 Recent political Developments--------------------------------------------------- 12

2.3.4 Human Rights-------------------------------------------------------------------- 12

2.4 International Relations------------------------------------------------------------------ 13

2.4.1 Foreign Policies------------------------------------------------------------------ 13

2.4.2 Cambodia’s Relation with its neighbors----------------------------------------- 14

2.5 The modern political and economic development of Cambodia----------------------- 15

2.6 State, tourism and Cambodian identity------------------------------------------------ 29

2.7 Tourism products and infrastructure---------------------------------------------------- 21

2.8 Tourism promotion policies------------------------------------------------------------- 23

2.9 Tourist arrivals in Cambodia------------------------------------------------------------ 31

2.10 Economic impact of tourism in Cambodia-------------------------------------------- 32

2.11 Social impact of tourism in Cambodia------------------------------------------------ 34

2.12 Tourism and cultural development---------------------------------------------------- 34

2.13 Tourism policy and poverty reduction------------------------------------------------ 35

2.14 Access and associated issues---------------------------------------------------------- 36

CHAPTER III TOURISM BUSINESS IN SOUTHEAST ASIA-------------------------- 37

3.1 Introduction---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 37

3.2 Public and private partnership and tourism development------------------------------ 38

3.3 Tourism planning ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 39

3.4 Politics of tourism---------------------------------------------------------------------- 39

3.5 Tourism and culture -------------------------------------------------------------------- 40

3.6 Regional cooperation and tourism------------------------------------------------------ 41

3.7 The effects of tourism------------------------------------------------------------------ 41

3.8 Tourism management------------------------------------------------------------------- 43

3.9 Heritage tourism in Southeast Asia----------------------------------------------------- 44

3.9.1 Indonesia------------------------------------------------------------------------- 44

3.9.2 Malaysia-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 46

3.9.3 Singapore------------------------------------------------------------------------- 47

3.9.4 Thailand-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 47

3.9.5 Laos, Myanmar, Vietnam-------------------------------------------------------- 47

3.9.6 Heritage tourism in Cambodia--------------------------------------------------- 48

CHAPTER IV TOURISM BUSINESS AND GLOBALIZATION------------------------ 50

4.1 Introduction---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 50

4.2 International Tourism and Globalization----------------------------------------------- 51

4.3 Destinations in the Global Market------------------------------------------------------ 52

4.4 Negative Impact of International Operations on SME--------------------------------- 52

4.5 Reasons for Alliances and Their Benefits---------------------------------------------- 53

4.6 Examples of Globalization in Tourism-------------------------------------------------- 53

CHAPTER V INNOVATION AND TOURISM BUSINESS KNOWLEDGE------- 56

5.1. Introduction---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 56

5.2 A brief history of tourism--------------------------------------------------------------- 56

5.3 The economic evolution of tourism----------------------------------------------------- 57

5.3.1 The Fordist concept ------------------------------------------------------------- 57

5.3.2 Post-Fordism--------------------------------------------------------------------- 59

5.4 Destination’s stakeholders and their directions---------------------------------------- 59

5.5 The global tourism and hospitality industry-------------------------------------------- 61

5.6 Geographical tourism flows and seasonal concentration------------------------------- 66

5.6.1 Geographical tourism flows------------------------------------------------------ 66

5.6.2 Tourism seasonal concentration-------------------------------------------------- 68

5.7 Tourism demand trends----------------------------------------------------------------- 70

5.8 Innovation trends on Information and Communication Technologies----------------- 75

5.8.1 ICT Innovation and Tourism----------------------------------------------------- 77

5.8.2 A collection of very interesting web sites---------------------------------------- 80

5.8.3 Grid computing and p2p networks and clusters--------------------------------- 81

5.8.4 Smart phone systems and impact on tourism------------------------------------ 82

5.8.5 Web 2.0 applications and their impact on tourism industry--------------------- 83

5.8.6 ICT trends and Tourism future-------------------------------------------------- 85

5.9 Innovation trends on Energy Technologies--------------------------------------------- 86

5.9.1 Innovative energy technologies-------------------------------------------------- 86

5.10. Innovation trends on Environmental Technologies----------------------------------- 89

5.10.1 Innovative Environmental Technologies--------------------------------------- 89

5.11 Policies and initiatives for innovation in tourism industry---------------------------- 91

5.11.1 Tourism networks and information distribution innovation policies----------- 94

5.12 Economic performance and tourism business----------------------------------------- 96

5.13 Economic prospects------------------------------------------------------------------- 97

5.14 Development challenges--------------------------------------------------------------- 99

CHAPTER VI THE TOURISM LAW AND TRAVEL AGENT OPERATION---- 100

6.1 Introduction---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 100

6.2 Consultation with the private sector to improve the quality of the legal framework--- 100

6.3 Quality assurance through accreditation------------------------------------------------ 101

6.4 Independent business associations are the key for promoting the tourism sector------ 102

6.5 Dispute resolution as an option--------------------------------------------------------- 102

6.6 Travel Agent Operation----------------------------------------------------------------- 103

6.7 Registering a company------------------------------------------------------------------ 103

6.8 Acquiring the travel agent license------------------------------------------------------ 104

6.9 Tax registration------------------------------------------------------------------------- 104

6.10 Exclusive rights------------------------------------------------------------------------ 104

6.11 Maintaining and invalidation --------------------------------------------------------- 104

6.12 Penalty--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 104

CHAPTER VII INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT--------------------------------- 105

7.1 Introduction---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 105

7.2 The state of Cambodia’s infrastructure------------------------------------------------- 105

7.2.1 History of infrastructure development in Cambodia---------------------------- 105

7.2.2 The state of Cambodia’s infrastructure------------------------------------------ 106

7.3 Assistance for infrastructure development in Cambodia------------------------------- 111

7.4 Infrastructure development – problems and challenges-------------------------------- 112

7.4.1 Issues on infrastructure development in general--------------------------------- 112

7.4.2 Issues on each sector------------------------------------------------------------- 115

7.5 Direction of infrastructure development----------------------------------------------- 117

7.5.1 Basic concepts------------------------------------------------------------------- 117

7.5.2 Work to meet the immediate needs for rehabilitation and reconstruction------- 118

7.6 Mid- to long-term works for infrastructure development------------------------------ 120

7.7 Policy measures necessary for infrastructure development----------------------------- 122

7.7.1 Transport infrastructure---------------------------------------------------------- 122

7.7.2 Infrastructure for national land conservation------------------------------------ 125

7.7.3 Telecommunications infrastructure---------------------------------------------- 125

7.7.4 Infrastructure for electric power supply----------------------------------------- 125

7.8 Direction of Japan’s assistance--------------------------------------------------------- 125

7.8.1 Basic policy---------------------------------------------------------------------- 125

7.8.2 Capacity building for developing and managing the infrastructure------------- 126

7.8.3 Assistance in formulating master plans, technical standards-------------------- 127

7.8.4 Objectives and strategies of Japan’s assistance---------------------------------- 127

CHAPTER VIII METHODOLOGY-------------------------------------------------------------- 130

8.1Qualitative and quantitative data collection-------------------------------------------- 130

8.2 Theoretical contributions--------------------------------------------------------------- 130

8.3 Empirical contributions----------------------------------------------------------------- 131

8.4 Policy options--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 132

8.4.1 Increasing tourist experiences---------------------------------------------------- 133

8.4.2 Increasing local participation----------------------------------------------------- 133

8.4.3 Diversification of tourism products---------------------------------------------- 133

8.4.4 Key stakeholders collaboration-------------------------------------------------- 133

8.4.5 Rebalancing interests------------------------------------------------------------- 134

8.4.6 Targeting quality tourism business----------------------------------------------- 134

8.5 Constructed theory on sustainable tourism business: Holistic approach--------------- 134

8.6 Data Analysis--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 135

8.7 Linking the main point and categories the same concepts------------------------------ 135

8.8 Model Development-------------------------------------------------------------------- 135

8.8.1 Developing the concept of each approach for tourism business in Cambodia--- 135

8.8.2 Developing the model which linking the concepts------------------------------ 135

8.8.3 Regional Report for southern Sihanouk Ville-Cambodia County--------------- 135

8.8.4 Global tourism analysis both challenges and opportunities --------------------- 138

8.8.5 Synthesis of the Five Regional SWOT Analysis--------------------------------- 141

CHAPTER IX RESEARCH FINDING AND RESULTS---------------------------------- 144

9.1 Tourism growth and challenges in Cambodia------------------------------------------- 144

9.2 Tourism growth in Siem Reap----------------------------------------------------------------------- 145

9.3 Phnom Penh tourism decline------------------------------------------------------------------------ 146 

9.4 Tourism destinations in Cambodia and diversification issues--------------------------- 147

9.5 Economic considerations---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 147 

9.6 Public-private tourism initiatives------------------------------------------------------------------- 148

9.6.1 Development of Tourism Law in Cambodia--------------------------------------------- 148

9.6.2 Hotel Classification and quality assurances---------------------------------------------- 149

9.6.3 Marketing and promotion board------------------------------------------------------------ 149

9.6.4 Integrated master plan for tourism planning and infrastructure (JICA)----------- 149

9.7 CSR and the tourism industry in Cambodia ----------------------------------------------------- 151

9.7.1 CSR codes of conduct and certification--------------------------------------------------- 151

9.7.2 CSR in Cambodia----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 152

9.7.3 Environmental management----------------------------------------------------------------- 152

9.7.4 Labor issues------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 152

9.7.5 Socio-economic and community-related issues------------------------------------------ 153

9.7.6 Emerging trends-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 154

9.8 Tourism business an analysis of opportunities and barriers----------------------------- 155

9.9 Opportunities and barriers-------------------------------------------------------------- 156

9.9.1 Geographic Factors-------------------------------------------------------------- 156

9.9.2 Visa Control---------------------------------------------------------------------- 157

9.9.3 Currency, Credit Cards, and Travelers Checks---------------------------------- 158

9.9.4 Tourism Education and Training------------------------------------------------- 158

9.9.5 Safety and Security-------------------------------------------------------------- 158

9.9.6 Tourism Conservation------------------------------------------------------------ 159

9.9.7 Destination Facilities and Services----------------------------------------------- 159

9.9.8 Transportation-------------------------------------------------------------------- 160

9.9.9 Accessibility to Cambodia------------------------------------------------------- 160

9.9.10 Communications---------------------------------------------------------------- 160

9.10 Responsible Travel Programme-------------------------------------------------------- 162

9.11 Aim and Objectives of the programme------------------------------------------------ 163

9.12 Participants of the programme-------------------------------------------------------- 163

9.13 Programme Process-------------------------------------------------------------------- 163

9.14 The Result----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 164

CHAPTER X CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS------------------------- 165

10.1 Develop Sustainable Tourism business Plan---------------------------------------------------- 170

10.2. Leverage sustainability expertise and interest of the private sector------------------------ 170

10.3 Link marketing strategies to Corporate Social Responsibility-------------------------- 170

10.4 Support institutional development and capacity building in the tourism sector--------- 170

REFERENCES------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 173

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